As explained by ElectricalBlogging.com in the article “Understanding Current Transformer: Working and Types”, current transformers (CTs) are essential components in electrical systems where high voltage and current must be monitored safely and accurately. These specialized transformers reduce large alternating currents to manageable levels, making it possible to measure, monitor, and protect power systems without exposing instruments to dangerous surges.

Current transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction, using a combination of core material, primary conductors, and secondary windings. The primary winding, often just a single conductor or a circuit cable, passes through the CT’s aperture. As current flows through the conductor, it generates a magnetic field in the CT core. This field induces a proportional current in the secondary winding, which is then read by instruments like ammeters or relays.

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